{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "Claim",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/1558614-023",
 "identifier": "kaal:claim:1558614-023",
 "text": "Because U.S. law frames the inquiry around corporate waste, and most risk taking does not meet the waste standard, showing that a decision was hazardous or excessively risky is not enough to rebut the business judgment rule in the United States.",
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7840-1847"
 },
 "citation": "Painter and Kaal, Initial Reflections on an Evolving Standard Constraints on Risk Taking by Directors and Officers in (2010). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1558614",
 "isBasedOn": {
  "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  "name": "Initial Reflections on an Evolving Standard Constraints on Risk Taking by Directors and Officers in",
  "datePublished": "2010",
  "url": "https://ssrn.com/abstract=1558614",
  "sha256": "e898211630f4116879329d6de8397523dca5b066864147421aa5cbc7429dc83b",
  "encoding": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Painter%20and%20Kaal%20-%202010%20-%20Initial%20Reflections%20on%20an%20Evolving%20Standard%20Constraints%20on%20Risk%20Taking%20by%20Directors%20and%20Officers%20in.pdf"
 },
 "keywords": [
  "risk-and-incentives",
  "corporate-governance",
  "law-and-legal-systems"
 ],
 "about": [
  "corporate-waste",
  "business-judgment-rule",
  "excessive-risk",
  "director-liability"
 ],
 "abstract": "Because most risk taking does not meet the definition of corporate waste, a showing of hazard or excessive risk is insufficient to rebut the 98 business judgment rule in the United States.",
 "additionalProperty": [
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "claim_type",
   "value": "failure"
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "confidence",
   "value": "argued"
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "scope_conditions",
   "value": [
    "U.S. courts presume absence of corporate waste and ask only whether that presumption is rebutted"
   ]
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "is_failure_mode",
   "value": true
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "attestations",
   "value": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/colloquium/attestations/e2050ccb7b3cfa17a753aa1a24e5b2e1c278b8138b9098304372e4dd1b72bdc4.json"
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "edges",
   "value": [
    {
     "rel": "supported_by",
     "to": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/kaal-2013-acomparativeperspectiveo-005",
     "to_id": "kaal:claim:kaal-2013-acomparativeperspectiveo-005",
     "similarity": 0.336
    }
   ]
  }
 ],
 "isPartOf": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/index.json"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-27",
 "version": "1.0",
 "sha256": "e2050ccb7b3cfa17a753aa1a24e5b2e1c278b8138b9098304372e4dd1b72bdc4",
 "canonicalForm": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/1558614-023.md"
}