# kaal:claim:2831040-002

**Claim.** Although the extent and causes of rulemaking ossification remain empirically uncertain, increased legal and evidentiary burdens on regulatory authorities are the consensus explanation for the slowdown in agency rulemaking.

**Type.** empirical  **Support.** evidenced

**Holds when.**

- United States federal and state agency rulemaking

**Source quote.**

> some consensus exists that the legal and evidentiary burdens placed on regulatory authorities have increased substantially over time, precipitating the remarkable slowdown in rulemaking by regulatory agencies

**From.** Wulf A. Kaal, *Dynamic Regulation for Innovation* (2016), II. Law's Diminishing Capacity to React to Innovation, page 8

**Cite as.** Wulf A. Kaal, Dynamic Regulation for Innovation (2016). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2831040

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `de5156f14f44a5753cab55b6c4b03049eda58a143b99e08ef427aee1d261e1bf` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Kaal%20-%202016%20-%20Dynamic%20Regulation%20for%20Innovation.pdf

**Failure mode.** rulemaking ossification  (family: rule-obsolescence-and-ossification)

**Topics.** systemic-risk, dynamic-regulation

**Keywords.** ossification, rulemaking, administrative-burden, regulatory-lag

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