# kaal:claim:3002908-008

**Claim.** As of publication, no American or European court had recognized blockchain technology or scrutinized its applications, leaving it unclear how courts will treat the technology.

**Type.** empirical  **Support.** evidenced

**Holds when.**

- as of the article's publication in 2017
- based on searches of US federal and state case law and of Italian, French, Dutch, UK, German, and EU court databases

**Source quote.**

> American and European courts have not yet recognized blockchain technology or addressed its applications.. A review of published court opinions suggests that no court at the time of publication of this article had to review, assess, or scrutinize the uses and applications of blockchain technology.

**From.** Wulf A. Kaal, Marco Dell'Erba, *Blockchain Innovation in Private Investment Funds - A Comparative Analysis of the United States and* (2017), III. Regulatory Recognition of Blockchain Technology, page 11

**Cite as.** Wulf A. Kaal, Marco Dell'Erba, Blockchain Innovation in Private Investment Funds - A Comparative Analysis of the United States and (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3002908

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `06a7b61e75f905ee07e422e875d83a65c5033a248a6e05a213523b034e5db534` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Kaal%20and%20Dell%27Erba%20-%202017%20-%20Blockchain%20Innovation%20in%20Private%20Investment%20Funds%20-%20A%20Comparative%20Analysis%20of%20the%20United%20States%20and.pdf

**Failure mode.** absent-judicial-guidance  (family: regulatory-lag)

**Topics.** law-and-legal-systems, blockchain

**Keywords.** case-law, courts, blockchain, legal-recognition

**Related claims.**

- restates: https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2998033-009

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