{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "Claim",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3017612-006",
 "identifier": "kaal:claim:3017612-006",
 "text": "Duration ceilings contained in voting trust statutes do not carry over to other types of shareholder agreements, and courts have repeatedly sustained shareholder agreements intended to run indefinitely.",
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7840-1847"
 },
 "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Shareholder Agreements - National Report of the United States of America (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3017612",
 "isBasedOn": {
  "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  "name": "Shareholder Agreements - National Report of the United States of America",
  "datePublished": "2017",
  "url": "https://ssrn.com/abstract=3017612",
  "sha256": "33821db406f92efbe1698fbaed37687595c13b7ce5463b4a879df679fd4af1ac",
  "encoding": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Kaal%20-%202017%20-%20Shareholder%20Agreements%20-%20National%20Report%20of%20the%20United%20States%20of%20America.pdf"
 },
 "keywords": [
  "reputation",
  "governance-design",
  "compliance"
 ],
 "about": [
  "duration-limits",
  "voting-trusts",
  "perpetual-agreements",
  "judicial-enforcement"
 ],
 "abstract": "Duration limitations in the voting trust statutes do not apply to other types of shareholders' agreements.15 Numerous decisions have sustained shareholders' agreements which were to remain in effect indefinitely.",
 "additionalProperty": [
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "claim_type",
   "value": "condition"
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "confidence",
   "value": "evidenced"
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "scope_conditions",
   "value": [
    "agreements other than voting trusts"
   ]
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "is_failure_mode",
   "value": false
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "attestations",
   "value": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/colloquium/attestations/1b1872d4af56141c7e43e7b9f2b50cdce0f2feb5b3d42fd27148228ee0710daf.json"
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "edges",
   "value": []
  }
 ],
 "isPartOf": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/index.json"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-27",
 "version": "1.0",
 "sha256": "1b1872d4af56141c7e43e7b9f2b50cdce0f2feb5b3d42fd27148228ee0710daf",
 "canonicalForm": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3017612-006.md"
}