# kaal:claim:3071378-005

**Claim.** Because each new block's hash value is generated from all previous transactions, the smallest change to the blockchain produces a different hash value, which makes any form of manipulation immediately detectable.

**Type.** mechanism  **Support.** argued

**Holds when.**

- chained cryptographic hashing of prior transactions

**Source quote.**

> smallest change to the blockchain, even a single digit/value, results in a different hash value. A different hash value makes any form of manipulation immediately detectable.37

**From.** Wulf A. Kaal, *Blockchain Technology and Race in Corporate America* (2017), II. Blockchain Technology, page 9

**Cite as.** Wulf A. Kaal, Blockchain Technology and Race in Corporate America (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3071378

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `125f01674d13b6bb0310c4be7a20ff538dccbc36ecf352770b3c580028387edd` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Kaal%20-%202017%20-%20Blockchain%20Technology%20and%20Race%20in%20Corporate%20America.pdf

**Topics.** consensus-and-security, citation-and-knowledge, blockchain

**Keywords.** cryptographic-hash, tamper-detection, blockchain-security, immutability

**Related claims.**

- restates: https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2959730-020
- restated_by: https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3227933-015
- restated_by: https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3227967-019
- restated_by: https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782198-029

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of the claim. Its sha256 is the content hash used for attestation.