# kaal:claim:3125822-021

**Claim.** Acquiring 51 percent of the tokens by paying fees and winning betting pools costs roughly six times the value of the entire quantity of sem tokens in a healthy expertise, even when the bench makes no effort at all to police the incoming fees.

**Type.** empirical  **Support.** argued

**Holds when.**

- expertise is healthy, meaning it is earning fees
- assumes no policing by the bench

**Source quote.**

> a reasonable estimate for the price of this attack (even when the bench makes absolutely no effort to police this action) is 6 times the value of the entire quantity of sem tokens in existence in the expertise, when the expertise is healthy, i.e., earning fees.

**From.** Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Vlad Andrei, *Blockchain Infrastructure for Measuring Domain Specific Reputation in Autonomous Decentralized and A* (2018), 4.1.3 The 51% attack, page 15

**Cite as.** Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Vlad Andrei, Blockchain Infrastructure for Measuring Domain Specific Reputation in Autonomous Decentralized and A (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3125822

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `d4d0bbaa3260968226186131d60e6d64a53e904d94e4295c61fd17042f1191ef` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Calcaterra%20et%20al.%20-%202018%20-%20Blockchain%20Infrastructure%20for%20Measuring%20Domain%20Specific%20Reputation%20in%20Autonomous%20Decentralized%20and%20A.pdf

**Topics.** consensus-and-security, tokenomics

**Keywords.** attack-cost, fifty-one-percent-attack, formal-model, sem-token

**Related claims.**

- restated_by: https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3125827-036

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of the claim. Its sha256 is the content hash used for attestation.