# kaal:claim:3125822-041

**Claim.** If 51 percent of users collude to enrich themselves maliciously, nothing in the design can prevent them; the only check is the openness of the system, which would quickly detect such an attack.

**Type.** failure  **Support.** asserted

**Holds when.**

- requires a colluding majority of reputation weighted users

**Source quote.**

> If 51% of users collude to maliciously enrich themselves, nothing can prevent them, except the open system itself, which would quickly detect such an attack.

**From.** Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Vlad Andrei, *Blockchain Infrastructure for Measuring Domain Specific Reputation in Autonomous Decentralized and A* (2018), 8.2 Accumulation of reputational power, page 38

**Cite as.** Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Vlad Andrei, Blockchain Infrastructure for Measuring Domain Specific Reputation in Autonomous Decentralized and A (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3125822

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `d4d0bbaa3260968226186131d60e6d64a53e904d94e4295c61fd17042f1191ef` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Calcaterra%20et%20al.%20-%202018%20-%20Blockchain%20Infrastructure%20for%20Measuring%20Domain%20Specific%20Reputation%20in%20Autonomous%20Decentralized%20and%20A.pdf

**Failure mode.** majority collusion  (family: consensus-and-protocol-attack)

**Topics.** consensus-and-security, disclosure

**Keywords.** fifty-one-percent-attack, collusion, transparency, unsolved-problem

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of the claim. Its sha256 is the content hash used for attestation.