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 "text": "A malicious party using Sybil accounts cannot be prevented from cloning the structure of a successful proof of stake blockchain at far lower cost than cloning a proof of work chain, leaving a new user unable to distinguish the truly decentralized chain from a clone that has manufactured even more tokens. The authors answer that this is resolved off chain, by a trusted user interface, as with cloned web pages.",
 "author": {
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  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
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 "citation": "Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Secure Proof of Stake Protocol (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3125827",
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  "name": "Secure Proof of Stake Protocol",
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 "abstract": "Then, when a new user joins the network, how will they be able to distinguish a truly decentralized blockchain from a cloned blockchain that has manufactured an even larger number of tokens?",
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