# kaal:claim:3128900-036

**Claim.** Centralized industry leaders in the freelancer market, including Upwork, Amazon, and Fiverr, charge up to 40 percent in transaction fees.

**Type.** empirical  **Support.** evidenced

**Holds when.**

- centralized freelance marketplaces as of 2018

**Source quote.**

> Centralized industry leaders in the freelancer market, including Upwork, Amazon, and Fiverr charge up to 40% in transaction fees.

**From.** Wulf A. Kaal, *Decentralized Mechanical Turk Through Verified Reputation* (2018), 4 Innovating the Mechanical Turk Market, page 15

**Cite as.** Wulf A. Kaal, Decentralized Mechanical Turk Through Verified Reputation (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3128900

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `381d72e85d976e2af852e8ec3bba87bc6a05ccb3349a2c3dd6f9e64de96ab4b0` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Kaal%20-%202018%20-%20Decentralized%20Mechanical%20Turk%20Through%20Verified%20Reputation.pdf

**Topics.** economics, decentralization

**Keywords.** transaction-fees, freelance-market, centralized-platforms, rent-seeking

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