# kaal:claim:3249860-022

**Claim.** Fifty-six of the top 100 tokens are implemented at the protocol level of a blockchain, thirty-five follow the ERC-20 Token Standard, six are implemented in a crypto economic protocol on top of a blockchain, and two are application level dapp tokens.

**Type.** empirical  **Support.** evidenced

**Holds when.**

- N=100 dataset as of the May 6, 2018 cutoff

**Source quote.**

> Fifty-six tokens have a technical core that is implemented on the protocol level of a blockchain (blockchain native). Thirty-five tokens have a technical core that follows the ERC-20 Token Standard.

**From.** Wulf A. Kaal, *Crypto Economics - The Top 100 Token Models Compared* (2018), IV.3 Technical Core Type, page 14

**Cite as.** Wulf A. Kaal, Crypto Economics - The Top 100 Token Models Compared (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3249860

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `72b13f11002ba26206cd53e74c324b913d1830c642bfa024da6bac0d3af3a7b0` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Kaal%20-%202018%20-%20Crypto%20Economics%20-%20The%20Top%20100%20Token%20Models%20Compared.pdf

**Topics.** empirical-evidence

**Keywords.** technical-core, erc-20, ethereum, empirical-findings

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