# kaal:claim:3411897-039

**Claim.** Without a core common ethical denominator, decentralized systems cannot last: they lose coherence, become attackable, and can be corrupted, leading to suboptimal societal outcomes.

**Type.** condition  **Support.** argued

**Holds when.**

- applies to decentralized systems as to all attempts to organize society

**Source quote.**

> Without a core common ethical denominator, decentralized systems cannot last, they lose coherence, become attackable, and can be corrupted, leading to suboptimal societal outcomes.

**From.** Wulf A. Kaal, *Decentralization - Past, Present, and Future* (2019), Part 3: The Future, Responsible Decentralization, page 43

**Cite as.** Wulf A. Kaal, Decentralization - Past, Present, and Future (2019). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3411897

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `82f0aea026b3e3a526ec51bc073b3b864dc06cd9083ff9c54c550037045edaa9` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Kaal%20-%202019%20-%20Decentralization%20-%20Past%2C%20Present%2C%20and%20Future.pdf

**Failure mode.** missing-ethical-denominator  (family: collective-action-and-coordination-failure)

**Topics.** governance-design

**Keywords.** ethics, governance, system-durability, necessary-conditions

**Related claims.**

- restates: https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3406323-038

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of the claim. Its sha256 is the content hash used for attestation.