# kaal:claim:3782191-006

**Claim.** Defining decentralization through historically formed centralized perspectives is a contradiction in terms that undermines its true potential and limits the scope and scale of decentralized approaches.

**Type.** failure  **Support.** argued

**Holds when.**

- when centralized concepts are used as the frame for defining decentralization

**Source quote.**

> Defining decentralization through historically formed centralized perspectives is a contradiction in terms. It undermines the true potential of decentralization.

**From.** Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, *Preface to* (2021), Definition?, page 4

**Cite as.** Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Preface to (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782191

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `b0bf0529c3cf69839879bc4da476714efee2717a4beb768bd5c859b810e6174e` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Calcaterra%20and%20Kaal%20-%202021%20-%20Preface%20to.pdf

**Failure mode.** centralized-framing-of-decentralization  (family: definitional-ambiguity)

**Topics.** decentralization

**Keywords.** decentralization, definition, framing-error, centralized-bias

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of the claim. Its sha256 is the content hash used for attestation.