# kaal:claim:3782191-014

**Claim.** Natural selection operates as a decentralized selection mechanism: no centralized authority determines which organisms survive, and the population with the most adaptable and heritable traits gains a natural comparative advantage without any centralized mechanism.

**Type.** mechanism  **Support.** argued

**Holds when.**

- biological evolution as an analogy for decentralized systems

**Source quote.**

> The natural selection of the most adaptable and survivable population char- acteristics materializes without a centralized mechanism.

**From.** Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, *Preface to* (2021), Natural Decentralization, page 7

**Cite as.** Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Preface to (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782191

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `b0bf0529c3cf69839879bc4da476714efee2717a4beb768bd5c859b810e6174e` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Calcaterra%20and%20Kaal%20-%202021%20-%20Preface%20to.pdf

**Topics.** decentralization, institutional-design

**Keywords.** natural-selection, decentralization, evolution, comparative-advantage

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of the claim. Its sha256 is the content hash used for attestation.