# kaal:claim:3782191-032

**Claim.** Concentration produces instability and dispersion produces stability: the more concentrated a structure is, the more unstable it is, because little changes can cause major structural change, while a spread out pattern remains spread out when disturbed.

**Type.** mechanism  **Support.** argued

**Holds when.**

- any structure characterized by concentration or dispersion

**Source quote.**

> The more concentrated a structure is, the more unstable it is. The more spread out a pattern is, the more stable it is

**From.** Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, *Preface to* (2021), Qualities of decentralization: stability, efficiency, versatility, page 19

**Cite as.** Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Preface to (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782191

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `b0bf0529c3cf69839879bc4da476714efee2717a4beb768bd5c859b810e6174e` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Calcaterra%20and%20Kaal%20-%202021%20-%20Preface%20to.pdf

**Topics.** research-methods

**Keywords.** stability, concentration, structure, robustness

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