# kaal:claim:3782191-034

**Claim.** A hierarchy obstructs solving novel problems because it prevents the identification of talented people at the lower rungs and resists the changes needed to construct a new hierarchy for organizing the effort.

**Type.** failure  **Support.** argued

**Holds when.**

- novel problems outside the organization's design purpose

**Source quote.**

> The hierarchy would prevent the identification of talented people if they occur at the lower rungs. And it would resist any changes needed to construct a new hier- archy for organizing the effort.

**From.** Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, *Preface to* (2021), Qualities of decentralization: stability, efficiency, versatility, page 20

**Cite as.** Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Preface to (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782191

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `b0bf0529c3cf69839879bc4da476714efee2717a4beb768bd5c859b810e6174e` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Calcaterra%20and%20Kaal%20-%202021%20-%20Preface%20to.pdf

**Failure mode.** hierarchy-blocks-talent-discovery  (family: governance-participation-collapse)

**Topics.** institutional-design, research-methods

**Keywords.** hierarchy, talent-identification, versatility, novel-problems

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of the claim. Its sha256 is the content hash used for attestation.