# kaal:claim:3782192-008

**Claim.** Friction is the inefficient allocation of power, meaning that a different distribution of power would let the organization reach its goals more easily, and it is an ever present feature of any hierarchy.

**Type.** definitional  **Support.** asserted

**Holds when.**

- any real hierarchy

**Source quote.**

> Friction is simply the inefficient allo- cation of power, which is an ever-present feature in any hierarchy. By inefficient allo- cation of power, we mean that if the distribution of power were changed, the goals of the organization could be achieved more easily.

**From.** Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, *Introduction to Decentralization* (2021), Overview & Introduction: The process of organizational development, page 4

**Cite as.** Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Introduction to Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782192

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `e7eafd56cb8a8bd15b64cf58216bb655f939bdcc296387e362fd9191976d67ae` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Calcaterra%20and%20Kaal%20-%202021%20-%20Introduction%20to%20Decentralization.pdf

**Topics.** institutional-design, economics

**Keywords.** friction, power-allocation, hierarchy, organizational-efficiency

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