{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "Claim",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782198-032",
 "identifier": "kaal:claim:3782198-032",
 "text": "Proof of stake carries an unresolved failure mode: if anyone devises a clever algorithm for hijacking the block producer selection process, the network would fail.",
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "citation": "Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Contemporary Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782198",
 "isBasedOn": {
  "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  "name": "Contemporary Decentralization",
  "datePublished": "2021",
  "url": "https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782198",
  "sha256": "e7e1378e3eed06cace6534e7792a7307d607d18bc6beb4ac45896476280728e4",
  "encoding": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Calcaterra%20and%20Kaal%20-%202021%20-%20Contemporary%20Decentralization.pdf"
 },
 "keywords": [
  "consensus-and-security",
  "blockchain"
 ],
 "about": [
  "proof-of-stake",
  "consensus",
  "attack-surface",
  "blockchain-security"
 ],
 "abstract": "The problem is that if someone comes up with a clever algorithm for hijacking the process, then the network would fail.",
 "additionalProperty": [
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "claim_type",
   "value": "failure"
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "confidence",
   "value": "argued"
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "scope_conditions",
   "value": [
    "applies to proof of stake designs that select block producers pseudorandomly"
   ]
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "is_failure_mode",
   "value": true
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "attestations",
   "value": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/colloquium/attestations/9f0d21cbbff67b7bd8d3df7071eeb2e029812a0c778c24023e9c6e265e5f11fc.json"
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "edges",
   "value": []
  }
 ],
 "isPartOf": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/index.json"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-27",
 "version": "1.0",
 "sha256": "9f0d21cbbff67b7bd8d3df7071eeb2e029812a0c778c24023e9c6e265e5f11fc",
 "canonicalForm": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782198-032.md"
}