# kaal:claim:3782198-036

**Claim.** The Tragedy of the Commons is a natural consequence of allowing anonymous participation, which is why the unfiltered layers of platforms such as Twitter, YouTube comments, and Reddit display toxic results.

**Type.** mechanism  **Support.** argued

**Holds when.**

- applies to open networks with anonymous broadcasting and no reputation cost

**Source quote.**

> The Tragedy of the Commons is a natural consequence of al- lowing anonymous participation. Anyone who has spent a few hours delving past the top filtered contributions on platforms such as Twitter, YouTube comments, or Reddit can observe the toxic results of anonymity.

**From.** Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, *Contemporary Decentralization* (2021), Anonymity: pros and cons, page 35

**Cite as.** Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Contemporary Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782198

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `e7e1378e3eed06cace6534e7792a7307d607d18bc6beb4ac45896476280728e4` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Calcaterra%20and%20Kaal%20-%202021%20-%20Contemporary%20Decentralization.pdf

**Failure mode.** anonymity-driven-commons-degradation  (family: collective-action-and-coordination-failure)

**Topics.** institutional-design

**Keywords.** anonymity, tragedy-of-the-commons, trolls, content-quality

**Related claims.**

- extended_by: https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782220-006

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of the claim. Its sha256 is the content hash used for attestation.