# kaal:claim:3782217-017

**Claim.** Centralized civic institutions always become corrupt over time, and that corruption becomes obvious only once a new technology disrupts their operation and reveals their weaknesses.

**Type.** mechanism  **Support.** argued

**Holds when.**

- centralized civic institutions over long time horizons

**Source quote.**

> Centralized civic institutions always become corrupt in time. Then this corruption becomes obvious once a new technology disrupts their operation, revealing their weaknesses.

**From.** Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, *The Importance of History In Decentralization* (2021), News and education, page 6

**Cite as.** Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, The Importance of History In Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782217

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `358779557d8e7dcd101720ca0fad90b9146d24f1c7c03909eb431fcf1fb7e103` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Calcaterra%20and%20Kaal%20-%202021%20-%20The%20Importance%20of%20History%20In%20Decentralization.pdf

**Failure mode.** institutional-ossification  (family: recentralization-drift)

**Topics.** institutional-design, innovation

**Keywords.** institutional-corruption, disruption, civic-institutions, technology-cycles

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