# kaal:claim:3931933-008

**Claim.** The final 2021 Casper testnet used perceived validator node uptime as its single rewarding requirement.

**Type.** empirical  **Support.** asserted

**Holds when.**

- Casper testnet incentivization phase ending September 2021

**Source quote.**

> The latest incentivized testnet ended in September 2021. The last Casper tesnet in September 2021 entailed as its single rewarding requirement the perceived uptime of the participating testnet validator node.

**From.** Wulf A. Kaal, *Hybrid Secure Proof of Stake* (2021), Testnets as remedies to platform centralization, page 4

**Cite as.** Wulf A. Kaal, Hybrid Secure Proof of Stake (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3931933

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `55a71cdfceb96fadefba1f2fed9563b588825378c91aff644ee7faaccdf31204` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Kaal%20-%202021%20-%20Hybrid%20Secure%20Proof%20of%20Stake.pdf

**Topics.** consensus-and-security, risk-and-incentives

**Keywords.** casper-network, testnet, validator-incentives, uptime-metric, reward-design

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of the claim. Its sha256 is the content hash used for attestation.