# kaal:claim:3936876-023

**Claim.** Self management of private keys or passphrases for individual digital assets is too cumbersome for institutional investors, so institutional custody solutions must be as robust as those provided for traditional assets.

**Type.** condition  **Support.** asserted

**Holds when.**

- institutional scale holdings

**Source quote.**

> Private keys or maintaining passphrases for individual digital assets is too cumbersome for institutional investors.

**From.** Wulf A. Kaal, Hayley Howe, *Custody of Digital Assets* (2021), III. Custody Requirements for Institutional Investors, page 19

**Cite as.** Wulf A. Kaal, Hayley Howe, Custody of Digital Assets (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3936876

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `9bc0903d01910460298e754c451f027df4324367359800a98ee8e638d94aff55` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Kaal%20and%20Howe%20-%202021%20-%20Custody%20of%20Digital%20Assets.pdf

**Topics.** institutional-design, defi

**Keywords.** institutional-investors, key-management, operational-burden, custody-requirements

**Related claims.**

- extends: https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3606663-015

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of the claim. Its sha256 is the content hash used for attestation.