# kaal:claim:3995709-019

**Claim.** The code review industry is dominated by a cartel formed by the top five code audit firms, and that cartel creates high barriers to entry for new players in the code review market.

**Type.** empirical  **Support.** asserted

**Holds when.**

- the code review and audit market as of 2021

**Source quote.**

> The top five code audit firms form a cartel. The cartel of the top 5 audit firms also creates high barriers to entry for new players to enter into the code review market.

**From.** Wulf A. Kaal, *How DAOs Optimize Open-Source Code Reviews and Create Open-Source Standards* (2021), Cartels, page 13

**Cite as.** Wulf A. Kaal, How DAOs Optimize Open-Source Code Reviews and Create Open-Source Standards (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3995709

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `6d77dbfb15ee86080bfde0b98089180cabafeb6defdf0f05eaaeb3cb99871e89` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Kaal%20-%202021%20-%20How%20DAOs%20Optimize%20Open-Source%20Code%20Reviews%20and%20Create%20Open-Source%20Standards.pdf

**Topics.** economics, risk-and-incentives, compliance

**Keywords.** cartel, market-structure, barriers-to-entry, code-audit

**Related claims.**

- restated_by: https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4734750-015
- extended_by: https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4734750-006
- extended_by: https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4755632-017
- extended_by: https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4734750-022

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of the claim. Its sha256 is the content hash used for attestation.