# kaal:claim:4900880-003

**Claim.** Quantum economics rejects the classical premise of deterministic outcomes and stable equilibrium, treating indeterminacy and fluctuation as intrinsic properties of economic systems rather than as noise around an equilibrium path.

**Type.** definitional  **Support.** argued

**Source quote.**

> In contrast to classical economics, which assumes deterministic outcomes and stable equilibria, quantum economics recognizes the inherent indeterminacy and fluctuations in economic systems.

**From.** Wulf A. Kaal, *Quantum Economy and the Future of Work* (2024), 2.5.3 Probabilistic Outcomes and Economic Fluctuations, page 19

**Cite as.** Wulf A. Kaal, Quantum Economy and the Future of Work (2024). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4900880

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `64ea6e8b7cfb3d9a83801eba54f9b87182b842a963273ddab7f2d5305639db73` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Kaal%20-%202024%20-%20Quantum%20Economy%20and%20the%20Future%20of%20Work.pdf

**Topics.** economics

**Keywords.** equilibrium, indeterminacy, quantum-economy, classical-economics, economic-fluctuations

**Related claims.**

- extends: https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4900878-007

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