# kaal:claim:5095633-001

**Claim.** The accessible reserves of publicly available human-created text usable for training large language models could be exhausted by 2028 at current usage trajectories.

**Type.** predictive  **Support.** evidenced

**Holds when.**

- current growth trajectories in training set size continue
- restricted to publicly available human-created text

**Source quote.**

> the accessible reserves of publicly available human-created text could be exhausted by 2028, given current usage trajectories.

**From.** Wulf A. Kaal, *Artificial Intelligence The Final Frontier* (2025), I. Introduction, page 2

**Cite as.** Wulf A. Kaal, Artificial Intelligence The Final Frontier (2025). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5095633

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `cbb484711f89bcefc9fc6a5730a1ed0a3f764d7999ad9b6f7d8ea05634c26c63` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Kaal%20-%202025%20-%20Artificial%20Intelligence%20The%20Final%20Frontier.pdf

**Topics.** ai-and-agents, education-and-practice

**Keywords.** data-exhaustion, llm-training-data, ai-scaling, forecasting

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of the claim. Its sha256 is the content hash used for attestation.