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 "text": "Penalty enforcement in SPoS achieves a false-positive rate below 10^-6 because ECDSA-signed attestations make validator actions non-repudiable and forging them computationally infeasible.",
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  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
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 "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Cryptographic Foundations and Interdisciplinary Dimensions of the Secure Proof of Stake (SPoS) Conse (2025). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5225296",
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 "abstract": "This process achieves a false-positive rate below 10^-6, upheld by probabilistic checks that leverage the computational infeasibility of forging ECDSA signatures, thereby maintaining trust among participants with minimal risk of erroneous sanctions",
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