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 "text": "Verification of off-chain equities held in brokerage accounts is a core implementation obstacle for LER, and before tokenized listings it required comparatively complex hybrid pipelines using off-chain attestations and zero-knowledge proofs.",
 "author": {
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  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
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 "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Liquid Equity Rewards (2025). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5454054",
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