# kaal:claim:5554218-010

**Claim.** The most damaging effect of legal harmonization is that it eradicates outliers, meaning the unconventional approaches that actually drive technological and legal innovation.

**Type.** failure  **Support.** argued

**Holds when.**

- harmonization of conflict of laws and substantive rules for digital assets

**Source quote.**

> Harmonization's most pernicious effect lies in its eradication of outliers—those unconventional approaches that drive technological and legal innovation.

**From.** Furrer Andreas, Wulf A. Kaal, *Universal Digital Law Codex (UDLC) Building the Legal Infrastructure for the Digital Era* (2025), 2.2.1 Eradicating Outliers and Impeding Innovation, page 9

**Cite as.** Furrer Andreas, Wulf A. Kaal, Universal Digital Law Codex (UDLC) Building the Legal Infrastructure for the Digital Era (2025). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5554218

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `55738b4035a91b70aa2ddaa127552fe4b373ec641afee2719fbdcabebdcbea44` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Andreas%20and%20Kaal%20-%202025%20-%20Universal%20Digital%20Law%20Codex%20%28UDLC%29%20Building%20the%20Legal%20Infrastructure%20for%20the%20Digital%20Era.pdf

**Failure mode.** Harmonization eradicates innovative outliers  (family: harmonization-and-standardization-failure)

**Topics.** innovation, law-and-legal-systems

**Keywords.** harmonization, legal-innovation, outliers, jurisdictional-diversity, digital-assets

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