# kaal:claim:5554218-027

**Claim.** Persistent differences between jurisdictions that favor a permissive, innovation driven approach and those that prioritize strict control and consumer protection can produce regulatory arbitrage or uncertainty in cross-border situations.

**Type.** failure  **Support.** argued

**Holds when.**

- cross-border blockchain and crypto-asset activity
- absence of a binding global convention

**Source quote.**

> differences remain, particularly between jurisdictions that favor a more permissive or innovation-driven approach and those that prioritize strict control and consumer protection. These differences can lead to regulatory arbitrage or uncertainty in cross-border situations

**From.** Furrer Andreas, Wulf A. Kaal, *Universal Digital Law Codex (UDLC) Building the Legal Infrastructure for the Digital Era* (2025), 4.2 Specific Rules in Blockchain Transactions, Summary, page 25

**Cite as.** Furrer Andreas, Wulf A. Kaal, Universal Digital Law Codex (UDLC) Building the Legal Infrastructure for the Digital Era (2025). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5554218

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `55738b4035a91b70aa2ddaa127552fe4b373ec641afee2719fbdcabebdcbea44` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Andreas%20and%20Kaal%20-%202025%20-%20Universal%20Digital%20Law%20Codex%20%28UDLC%29%20Building%20the%20Legal%20Infrastructure%20for%20the%20Digital%20Era.pdf

**Failure mode.** Regulatory arbitrage from divergent national approaches  (family: regulatory-arbitrage)

**Topics.** regulatory-failure

**Keywords.** regulatory-arbitrage, fragmentation, crypto-assets, cross-border, regulation

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of the claim. Its sha256 is the content hash used for attestation.