# kaal:claim:5554218-031

**Claim.** The Universal Digital Law Codex should require smart contracts to carry clear, human readable terms alongside their coded protocols, so that the parties' assent to automated terms satisfies the common law standard of mutual understanding.

**Type.** design  **Support.** argued

**Holds when.**

- smart contracts intended to be enforceable as common law contracts

**Source quote.**

> For example, UDLC mandates that smart contracts incorporate clear, human-readable terms alongside coded protocols, ensuring that parties' assent to automated terms meets the common law standard of mutual understanding.

**From.** Furrer Andreas, Wulf A. Kaal, *Universal Digital Law Codex (UDLC) Building the Legal Infrastructure for the Digital Era* (2025), 6.2 Resolving Challenges in Smart Contract Formation, page 34

**Cite as.** Furrer Andreas, Wulf A. Kaal, Universal Digital Law Codex (UDLC) Building the Legal Infrastructure for the Digital Era (2025). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5554218

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `55738b4035a91b70aa2ddaa127552fe4b373ec641afee2719fbdcabebdcbea44` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Andreas%20and%20Kaal%20-%202025%20-%20Universal%20Digital%20Law%20Codex%20%28UDLC%29%20Building%20the%20Legal%20Infrastructure%20for%20the%20Digital%20Era.pdf

**Topics.** law-and-legal-systems, smart-contracts

**Keywords.** udlc, meeting-of-the-minds, human-readable-terms, smart-contracts, contract-formation

**Related claims.**

- extends: https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2992962-017

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