# kaal:claim:617681-043

**Claim.** Empirically, at least 48 companies with German names carrying the GmbH designation were formed as private limited companies under U.K. law in the ten months after the Inspire Art decision, indicating that charter migration accelerated after the ruling.

**Type.** empirical  **Support.** evidenced

**Holds when.**

- some of these companies may also do business in the U.K. or be affiliated with a German GmbH

**Source quote.**

> In the ten months after the Inspire Art decision, at least 48 such companies with German names and the designation GmbH in their names were formed as private limited companies under U.K. law.

**From.** Christian Kirchner, Richard W. Painter, Wulf A. Kaal, *Regulatory Competition in EU Corporate Law after Inspire Art Unbundling Delaware's Product for Euro* (2004), A. Introduction, footnote 13, page 8

**Cite as.** Christian Kirchner, Richard W. Painter, Wulf A. Kaal, Regulatory Competition in EU Corporate Law after Inspire Art Unbundling Delaware's Product for Euro (2004). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=617681

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `e142130507ea2f5b025fd97b3f762d44ee3a7aaa82b155aab63434b85e8fd834` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Kirchner%20et%20al.%20-%202004%20-%20Regulatory%20Competition%20in%20EU%20Corporate%20Law%20after%20Inspire%20Art%20Unbundling%20Delaware%27s%20Product%20for%20Euro.pdf

**Topics.** governance-design, empirical-evidence

**Keywords.** charter-migration, united-kingdom, inspire-art, empirical-evidence

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