# kaal:claim:6192998-021

**Claim.** Binary upvote and downvote validation destroys roughly ninety seven percent of the available quality signal produced by validator assessments.

**Type.** empirical  **Support.** argued

**Holds when.**

- five validators supplying two dimensional assessments on ten point scales

**Source quote.**

> We're destroying 97% of the available quality signal.

**From.** Wulf A. Kaal, *Evolution of Domain-Specific Reputation Systems From Binary Validation to Citation-Weighted Knowledge Attribution* (2026), III.C. Binary Information Destruction, page 23

**Cite as.** Wulf A. Kaal, Evolution of Domain-Specific Reputation Systems From Binary Validation to Citation-Weighted Knowledge Attribution (2026). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=6192998

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `b04292561ee041e0c9eaa7eca28a410ed440e76a95743a539361a3f76c97f2b3` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Kaal%20-%202026%20-%20Evolution%20of%20Domain-Specific%20Reputation%20Systems%20From%20Binary%20Validation%20to%20Citation-Weighted%20Knowledge%20Attribution.pdf

**Failure mode.** binary-information-destruction  (family: measurement-and-metric-failure)

**Topics.** institutional-design

**Keywords.** binary-validation, information-destruction, information-theory, quality-signal

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of the claim. Its sha256 is the content hash used for attestation.