# kaal:claim:7314479-011

**Claim.** Absent a common institutional layer, the bilateral costs of responsibility, remedy, and value attribution grow faster than linearly in the number of components.

**Type.** predictive  **Support.** argued

**Holds when.**

- stated analytically and marked for empirical measurement in Part XI

**Source quote.**

> In the absence of a common institutional layer, those three remain bilateral and idiosyncratic, and their cost, on the analysis offered here and marked for measurement in Part XI, grows faster than linearly in the number of components, borne in integration effort, in security review, in support burden, and eventually in the user's inability to determine what occurred.

**From.** Wulf A. Kaal, *Institutional Requirements for Sovereign Local Agent Runtimes* (2026), IV. Connectivity Is Not Coordination, page 9

**Cite as.** Wulf A. Kaal, Institutional Requirements for Sovereign Local Agent Runtimes (2026). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=7314479

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `debace24a155ae924a155b1fafe98856d98cf83689feff2f87a32f1c06171ce6` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Kaal%20-%202026%20-%20Institutional%20Requirements%20for%20Sovereign%20Local%20Agent%20Runtimes.pdf

**Topics.** economics, institutional-design, ai-and-agents

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