# kaal:claim:7314479-036

**Claim.** The missing economic substrate is the gap most likely to become expensive later, because pricing conventions harden quickly once an ecosystem has participants.

**Type.** predictive  **Support.** argued

**Holds when.**

- contract layers of runtimes with machine-to-machine settlement

**Source quote.**

> Requirement 5 has no substrate to attach to, and this is the gap most likely to become expensive later, because pricing conventions harden quickly once an ecosystem has participants.

**From.** Wulf A. Kaal, *Institutional Requirements for Sovereign Local Agent Runtimes* (2026), VII. Findings, Finding 7, page 17

**Cite as.** Wulf A. Kaal, Institutional Requirements for Sovereign Local Agent Runtimes (2026). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=7314479

**Verify.** sha256 of source PDF `debace24a155ae924a155b1fafe98856d98cf83689feff2f87a32f1c06171ce6` at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wulfkaal/Academic-Papers/main/papers/pdf/Kaal%20-%202026%20-%20Institutional%20Requirements%20for%20Sovereign%20Local%20Agent%20Runtimes.pdf

**Topics.** economics, innovation, tokenomics

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