# Algorithmic collusion

`kaal:entity:algorithmic-collusion`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 3 claims that carry the concept tag `algorithmic-collusion`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

3 claims across 2 works, 2026 to 2026.

**2026**

- [6421319-028](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/6421319-028) [mechanism/evidenced] *(failure mode)* -- Contrary to the author's own prior version of this argument, Nash equilibrium does not become irrelevant in the AI2AI economy; it becomes simultaneously more accurate as a description of individual agent behavior and more dangerous as a predictor of market outcomes.
  > Nash equilibrium does not become irrelevant in the AI2AI economy. It becomes simultaneously more accurate as a description of individual agent behavior and more dangerous as a predictor of market outcomes.
  Wulf A. Kaal, The Collapse of Scarcity Economics (2026). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=6421319
- [6421319-029](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/6421319-029) [empirical/evidenced] -- Algorithmic pricing raises margins in concentrated markets: margins increased 28 percent in local duopoly retail gasoline markets in Germany when both firms adopted algorithmic pricing software.
  > Assad and colleagues have documented that margins increased 28% in local duopoly retail gasoline markets in Germany when both firms adopted algorithmic pricing software.
  Wulf A. Kaal, The Collapse of Scarcity Economics (2026). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=6421319
- [6607458-025](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/6607458-025) [predictive/argued] *(failure mode)* -- Algorithmic collusion, the convergence of independently optimizing agents on jointly welfare-reducing strategies without explicit communication, is a first-order regulatory concern in markets populated by computative agents and its incidence is likely to expand as those agents enter more market domains.
  > Algorithmic collusion, the convergence of independently optimizing agents on jointly welfare-reducing strategies without explicit communication, is a first-order concern in markets populated by computative agents
  Wulf A. Kaal, Computative Economics A Framework for Economic Analysis under Computational Abundance (2026). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=6607458

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/algorithmic-collusion.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.