# Apache

`kaal:entity:apache`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 5 claims that carry the concept tag `apache`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

5 claims across 2 works, 2021 to 2021.

**2021**

- [3782193-023](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782193-023) [failure/argued] *(failure mode)* -- A decentralized organization cannot be conquered by attacking it from the outside: when attacked, the group merely decentralizes further, and its members become more autonomous and more devoted to the founding principles of the organization.
  > This illustrates that a decentralized organization cannot be conquered by attacking it from the out- side. When you do, the group merely decentralizes further. Members become more autonomous and more devoted to the principles upon which the organization was founded.
  Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Historical Sketches of Centralization vs. Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782193
- [3782193-024](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782193-024) [mechanism/evidenced] *(failure mode)* -- The Spanish strategy of capturing or killing a group's leader, which succeeded against the Aztec and Incan empires, was impossible to apply to the Apaches because they had no static, official rulers and no rigid power hierarchy to manipulate.
  > The Apaches had no static, official rulers, which made it impossible for the Spanish to replay their strategy of killing or controlling the leader of each new territory they invaded. The Apaches had no rigid power hierarchy to manipulate.
  Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Historical Sketches of Centralization vs. Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782193
- [3782193-025](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782193-025) [mechanism/evidenced] *(failure mode)* -- Giving the Apaches cattle in 1917 succeeded where military force had failed because the valuable assets created a zero-sum battle over resources between lineages, generating the internal competition necessary to produce a hierarchy of power over the disbursement of resources and property.
  > As Nevins explained, the introduction of the cattle created "a zero-sum battle over resources between lineages".26 The valuable assets created the internal competition necessary to generate a hierarchy of power over disbursement of resources and property.
  Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Historical Sketches of Centralization vs. Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782193
- [3782198-016](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782198-016) [failure/argued] *(failure mode)* -- Paid corporate contributors are a source of tension in open source communities: they can outwork and push out volunteers, then leave once their employer's duties are complete, leaving no one to maintain and upgrade the software.
  > These workers often devote far more effort to a project and sometimes push out volunteers. Then the paid workers leave once their duties are complete, leaving no one to maintain and upgrade the software in the future.
  Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Contemporary Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782198
- [3782198-017](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782198-017) [condition/argued] -- The Apache Foundation's minimal governance works only because its members are not competing for power and money within the organization, which limits how far the model can be transferred to for profit settings.
  > But how can they thrive? The Apache Software Founda- tion's near trivial governance system works in an organization whose members are not competing for power and money within the organization.
  Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Contemporary Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782198

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/apache.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.