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 "identifier": "kaal:entity:baseline",
 "name": "Baseline",
 "termCode": "baseline",
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 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7840-1847"
 },
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   "value": [
    "2010",
    "2026"
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   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/1664809-024",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:1664809-024",
   "text": "Relative to the total number of US securities fraud and securities class action cases, foreign cubed cases are still relatively rare, although there was a substantial increase in them in 2008.",
   "abstract": "are now relatively rare45 - although there has been a substantial",
   "citation": "Richard W. Painter, Wulf A. Kaal, Extraterritorial Application of US Securities Law – Will the US Become the Default Jurisdiction for (2010). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1664809",
   "datePublished": "2010",
   "claim_type": "empirical",
   "confidence": "evidenced",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "US securities litigation as of 2010"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "2d5c8c30f969f8eb613bfa1fe6888a7cfa1a452e1027bcda0489618ceac62c20",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/7598518-033",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:7598518-033",
   "text": "The frozen pass rule requires, on the five-run means from generation 0 to 9, a full-replacement perplexity rise of at least 4.0 with a margin of at least 2.0 over the rise under ten percent retention, with the thresholds sitting at fractions of the reported change so the rule does not depend on which published baseline was meant, and a miss blocks reading anything else.",
   "abstract": "Intelligence models increasingly learn from data that earlier Intelligence models produced, and when that loop repeats the rare cases disappear first. This paper preregisters a test of whether a reputation-weighted validator pool, filtering the training data of a recursive replacement loop, keeps those rare cases alive. The outcomes remain sealed until a replication of the original model-collapse result succeeds.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Can Reputation Prevent Model Collapse? A Preregistered Test of Reputation-Weighted Data Filtering (2026). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=7598518",
   "datePublished": "2026",
   "claim_type": "design",
   "confidence": "stated",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "The rule governs the replication substrate, which the filter never enters.",
    "A miss blocks every other reading, including the sealed Gaussian outcomes."
   ],
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 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'baseline'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}