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  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
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   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4941807-008",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:4941807-008",
   "text": "The opacity of deep learning models obstructs debugging, obscures the detection and mitigation of bias, and prevents comprehension of how AI decisions are reached.",
   "abstract": "This opacity can obstruct the debugging process, obscure bias detection and mitigation, and hinder comprehension of AI decision-making.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, AI Governance Via Web3 Reputation System (2024). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4941807",
   "datePublished": "2024",
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    "particularly in deep learning models whose internal decision mechanisms are not transparent"
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   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4941807-009",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:4941807-009",
   "text": "Concrete cases show the cost of AI opacity: Nvidia self driving cars that learn from human behavior might confuse the moon for a traffic light, and the DeepPatient project predicted disease onset accurately from medical records while offering no explanation for its predictions.",
   "abstract": "For example, Nvidia's self-driving cars learn from human behavior but might confuse the moon for a traffic light, and the DeepPatient project accurately predicted disease onset from medical records without providing explanations for its predictions",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, AI Governance Via Web3 Reputation System (2024). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4941807",
   "datePublished": "2024",
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