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 "identifier": "kaal:entity:blockchain-trilemma",
 "name": "Blockchain trilemma",
 "termCode": "blockchain-trilemma",
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 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
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    "2024"
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  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3249860-040",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3249860-040",
   "text": "To date no blockchain coherently and comprehensively combines scale, security, and decentralization, the three objectives of the blockchain trilemma, although continued experimentation with consensus algorithms can help overcome it over time.",
   "abstract": "To date, no blockchain truly combines these three objectives coherently and comprehensively. Experimentation with different consensus algorithms can, over time, help overcome the blockchain trilemma.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Crypto Economics - The Top 100 Token Models Compared (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3249860",
   "datePublished": "2018",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
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   "scope_conditions": [
    "as of the study's 2018 data"
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   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3411897-024",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3411897-024",
   "text": "The data mining that produces scarcity in existing blockchains also slows creation, so high speed transactions cannot be achieved for the foreseeable future without a different consensus design.",
   "abstract": "Currently, the data mining required to provide scarcity also slows creation so that high speed transactions cannot be achieved for the foreseeable future.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Decentralization - Past, Present, and Future (2019). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3411897",
   "datePublished": "2019",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "proof of work style mining that manufactures scarcity"
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   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4796714-013",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:4796714-013",
   "text": "Blockchain can only deliver decentralized AI governance if the blockchain trilemma is first overcome, since decentralization, security, and scalability cannot readily be achieved simultaneously within one network.",
   "abstract": "The effectiveness of blockchain in achieving the goal of decentralized AI governance is contingent upon overcoming the fundamental blockchain trilemma: the challenge of balancing decentralization, security, and scalability.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, AI Governance (2024). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4796714",
   "datePublished": "2024",
   "claim_type": "condition",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "applies to blockchain networks used as governance infrastructure",
    "necessary condition, not sufficient"
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 "description": "3 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'blockchain-trilemma'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}