# Boards of directors

`kaal:entity:boards-of-directors`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 2 claims that carry the concept tag `boards-of-directors`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

2 claims across 1 works, 2010 to 2010.

**2010**

- [1664809-022](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/1664809-022) [mechanism/argued] *(failure mode)* -- Overlapping regulation and inconsistent legal rules create uncertainty, so that individual board members of European companies and their attorneys will not know which legal rules apply or what effects those rules may have.
  > Overlapping regulation and inconsistent legal rules create uncer-
  Richard W. Painter, Wulf A. Kaal, Extraterritorial Application of US Securities Law – Will the US Become the Default Jurisdiction for (2010). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1664809
- [1664809-023](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/1664809-023) [mechanism/evidenced] -- Legal uncertainty generates transaction costs, and European company boards will inevitably incur costs minimizing the information asymmetries created by different legal regimes that may or may not apply to their company.
  > Legal uncertainty generates transaction costs.
  Richard W. Painter, Wulf A. Kaal, Extraterritorial Application of US Securities Law – Will the US Become the Default Jurisdiction for (2010). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1664809

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/boards-of-directors.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.