{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/bundled-product",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:bundled-product",
 "name": "Bundled product",
 "termCode": "bundled-product",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
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   "value": "derived"
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   "name": "claim_count",
   "value": 7
  },
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   "value": 1
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   "value": [
    "2004",
    "2004"
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 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/617681-006",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:617681-006",
   "text": "Rule switching costs for a jurisdiction are probably higher when it must make substantial new demands on its courts in addition to changing its statutes, which raises the cost of competing with a bundled corporate law product.",
   "abstract": "Most important to the analysis in this paper, these rule switching costs are probably higher if the jurisdiction has to make substantial new demands on its courts as well as make changes to its statutes.",
   "citation": "Christian Kirchner, Richard W. Painter, Wulf A. Kaal, Regulatory Competition in EU Corporate Law after Inspire Art Unbundling Delaware's Product for Euro (2004). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=617681",
   "datePublished": "2004",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "jurisdictions considering changing corporate law rules to attract charters"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "e142130507ea2f5b025fd97b3f762d44ee3a7aaa82b155aab63434b85e8fd834",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/617681-008",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:617681-008",
   "text": "Regulatory competition for a bundled product of statutes plus courts is only a realistic possibility if relatively high supply side hurdles can be overcome to induce states to enter the market for corporate law.",
   "abstract": "In sum, regulatory competition for a bundled product is only a realistic possibility if relatively high supply side hurdles can be overcome to induce states to enter the market for corporate law.",
   "citation": "Christian Kirchner, Richard W. Painter, Wulf A. Kaal, Regulatory Competition in EU Corporate Law after Inspire Art Unbundling Delaware's Product for Euro (2004). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=617681",
   "datePublished": "2004",
   "claim_type": "condition",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "markets for a bundled corporate law product"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "e142130507ea2f5b025fd97b3f762d44ee3a7aaa82b155aab63434b85e8fd834",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/617681-011",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:617681-011",
   "text": "The quality problems in Delaware adjudication mean it is not a foregone conclusion that the bundled product of statutes plus specialized courts leads to optimal results.",
   "abstract": "These questions about the quality of Delaware adjudication suggest that it is not a foregone conclusion that the bundled product leads to optimal results.",
   "citation": "Christian Kirchner, Richard W. Painter, Wulf A. Kaal, Regulatory Competition in EU Corporate Law after Inspire Art Unbundling Delaware's Product for Euro (2004). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=617681",
   "datePublished": "2004",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "U.S. corporate law and Delaware in particular"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "e142130507ea2f5b025fd97b3f762d44ee3a7aaa82b155aab63434b85e8fd834",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/617681-015",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:617681-015",
   "text": "Member States unwilling to incur the rule switching costs of conducting judicial proceedings in English could be precluded from marketing their corporate charters in other Member States that do not share their language.",
   "abstract": "Member States unwilling to incur the rule switching costs involved with using English in judicial proceedings could be precluded from marketing their corporate charters in other Member States that do not speak the same language.",
   "citation": "Christian Kirchner, Richard W. Painter, Wulf A. Kaal, Regulatory Competition in EU Corporate Law after Inspire Art Unbundling Delaware's Product for Euro (2004). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=617681",
   "datePublished": "2004",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "English being the only language widely understood throughout the EU"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "e142130507ea2f5b025fd97b3f762d44ee3a7aaa82b155aab63434b85e8fd834",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/617681-016",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:617681-016",
   "text": "The weak link in a bundled package offered by a civil law Member State is likely to be its system of adjudication rather than its statute.",
   "abstract": "The weak link in the bundled package offered by a civil law jurisdiction is thus likely to be its system of adjudication rather its statute.",
   "citation": "Christian Kirchner, Richard W. Painter, Wulf A. Kaal, Regulatory Competition in EU Corporate Law after Inspire Art Unbundling Delaware's Product for Euro (2004). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=617681",
   "datePublished": "2004",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "civil law Member States marketing corporate law to investors used to common law systems"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "e142130507ea2f5b025fd97b3f762d44ee3a7aaa82b155aab63434b85e8fd834",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/617681-018",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:617681-018",
   "text": "Because the English common law system is gravitating toward a civil law approach that weights statutes more heavily than judicial interpretation, the value of a bundled package of statutes plus adjudication even in a European common law jurisdiction may not greatly exceed the value of the statutes standing alone.",
   "abstract": "The value of the \"bundled package\" of statutory law and adjudication provided by the state of incorporation even in a common law jurisdiction thus may not greatly exceed the value of the statutory law standing alone.",
   "citation": "Christian Kirchner, Richard W. Painter, Wulf A. Kaal, Regulatory Competition in EU Corporate Law after Inspire Art Unbundling Delaware's Product for Euro (2004). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=617681",
   "datePublished": "2004",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "European common law jurisdictions, in contrast with Delaware"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "e142130507ea2f5b025fd97b3f762d44ee3a7aaa82b155aab63434b85e8fd834",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/617681-021",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:617681-021",
   "text": "The two sources that finance Delaware's bundled package, franchise taxes and legal fees for local counsel, might not be as lucrative for a European Member State, so the expensive package of statutes plus adjudication may have no viable funding model.",
   "abstract": "Two of the most often mentioned sources for financing Delaware's bundled package in the United States, franchise taxes and legal fees for Delaware counsel, unfortunately might not be as lucrative for a European Member State.",
   "citation": "Christian Kirchner, Richard W. Painter, Wulf A. Kaal, Regulatory Competition in EU Corporate Law after Inspire Art Unbundling Delaware's Product for Euro (2004). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=617681",
   "datePublished": "2004",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "European Member States with tax systems built around taxing operations within their borders"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "e142130507ea2f5b025fd97b3f762d44ee3a7aaa82b155aab63434b85e8fd834",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "7 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'bundled-product'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}