{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/bureaucracy",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:bureaucracy",
 "name": "Bureaucracy",
 "termCode": "bureaucracy",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
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 "sha256": "206755cbc7f0959009a9ca3dd4e9af02b72bfcada88b7d875f15bb3b723288ae",
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   "name": "status",
   "value": "derived"
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   "name": "claim_count",
   "value": 3
  },
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   "name": "work_count",
   "value": 2
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "year_span",
   "value": [
    "2018",
    "2021"
   ]
  },
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  }
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 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3227933-001",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3227933-001",
   "text": "Centralized, hierarchical organizations are defined by three features: a centralized source of authority, a closed formal hierarchy with functionally differentiated roles, and standardized bureaucratic procedures dictated and policed by that hierarchy.",
   "abstract": "(i) a centralized source of authority; (ii) a closed and formal hierarchy with clearly defined and functionally differentiated roles; and, (iii) standardized (bureaucratic) systems and operating procedures dictated and policed by the centralized authority/hierarchy.",
   "citation": "Mark Fenwick, Wulf A. Kaal, Erik P.M. Vermeulen, Why 'Blockchain' Will Disrupt Corporate Organizations (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3227933",
   "datePublished": "2018",
   "claim_type": "definitional",
   "confidence": "asserted",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "a9e9660c4dc25a2202f1da4e762f5885256e05f68c53ca51942f5833a7a4c108",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3227933-016",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3227933-016",
   "text": "Blockchain technology creates an independent and transparent platform for establishing truth and building trust, replacing intermediaries, bureaucracy and old procedures with what the authors call the four Cs of code, connectivity, crowd, and collaboration.",
   "abstract": "In short, blockchain technology creates an independent and transparent platform for establishing truth and building trust. Intermediaries, bureaucracy, and old-fashioned procedures are replaced by the \"4 Cs\" of code, connectivity, crowd, and collaboration.",
   "citation": "Mark Fenwick, Wulf A. Kaal, Erik P.M. Vermeulen, Why 'Blockchain' Will Disrupt Corporate Organizations (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3227933",
   "datePublished": "2018",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "asserted",
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   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782205-011",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3782205-011",
   "text": "Networked communication makes complete bureaucratic transparency possible, because every member of an organization can connect immediately with every other member worldwide at speed and low cost.",
   "abstract": "Networked communication from the internet allows each member of the organi- zation to immediately connect with every other member on the globe. Complete bu- reaucratic transparency is possible as global communication is speedy and affordable.",
   "citation": "Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Eight Institutions for the Evolution of Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782205",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "asserted",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "5ba52c63e81019b6867fb29c4a50821ff574e510d79b31b8ce9f4c726a0ebc71",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "3 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'bureaucracy'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}