# Business ethics

`kaal:entity:business-ethics`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 4 claims that carry the concept tag `business-ethics`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

4 claims across 1 works, 2012 to 2012.

**2012**

- [1998455-006](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/1998455-006) [empirical/evidenced] -- The anecdotal record of ethically questionable conduct by leaders of systemically important financial institutions is not dispositive and does not establish an underlying trend, but it does show that some of the most pervasive cases of unethical conduct involved such institutions.
  > The anecdotal evidence pertaining to ethically questionable conduct of SIFI leaders is certainly not dispositive or indicative of underlying trends. It does seem to show, however, that some of the most pervasive cases of unethical conduct did involve SI- FIs.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Initial Reflections on the Possible Application of Contingent Capital in Corporate Governance (2012). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1998455
- [1998455-030](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/1998455-030) [mechanism/argued] *(failure mode)* -- Under strong institutional and cultural forces, decision makers in financial institutions tend to compartmentalize their lives and disconnect their moral reasoning from their conduct in the workplace, so that even a leader with strong personal values can engage in questionable conduct.
  > Influenced by strong institutional and cultural forces, deci- sion makers may have a tendency to compartmentalize their lives and disconnect their moral reasoning from their actions in the workplace.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Initial Reflections on the Possible Application of Contingent Capital in Corporate Governance (2012). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1998455
- [1998455-031](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/1998455-031) [design/argued] -- Issuing contingent capital securities with a conversion feature is a way for a banking entity to signal to its market that it will adhere to stricter standards, ethical or otherwise.
  > The issuance of contingent capital securities with a conver- sion feature could signal adherence to stricter standards.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Initial Reflections on the Possible Application of Contingent Capital in Corporate Governance (2012). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1998455
- [1998455-033](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/1998455-033) [mechanism/argued] -- Because the threat of a change of control leads leaders to take fewer risks in order to avoid triggering conversion, a contingent capital design with increased voting rights allows those leaders to act more in accordance with their moral convictions and conscience.
  > It could allow SIFI leaders to increasingly act in accordance with their moral convictions and conscience because the threat of change of control may influence SIFI leaders to take fewer risks to avoid triggering the conversion of CCS and a possible change of con- trol.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Initial Reflections on the Possible Application of Contingent Capital in Corporate Governance (2012). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1998455

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/business-ethics.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.