{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/business-models",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:business-models",
 "name": "Business models",
 "termCode": "business-models",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
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 "sha256": "46b3e71d04ae20d608354b7bf329b5d0e127e7dd1fdceb28819dfdcbd854374e",
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   "value": [
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 "subjectOf": [
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   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3227967-012",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3227967-012",
   "text": "Since companies are increasingly managed by and run on software code, facilitating transactions, that is, acting as an active transaction engineer, now involves coding.",
   "abstract": "Since all companies are now increasingly managed by and run on software code, facilitating transactions – i.e., being an active transaction engineer - involves coding.",
   "citation": "Mark Fenwick, Wulf A. Kaal, Erik P.M. Vermeulen, Legal Education in a Digital Age Why 'Coding for Lawyers' Matters (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3227967",
   "datePublished": "2018",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "businesses built around code based products or services"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "f6e13b956f864ab32ec3305d095a35a127770327d75b3688f785cefc437d369f",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/6421319-014",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:6421319-014",
   "text": "Newspapers, record labels, broadcast networks, and publishing houses did not merely lose market share under zero marginal cost distribution; their foundational business models became structurally incoherent because those models assumed distribution was scarce and costly.",
   "abstract": "Their foundational business models, built on the assumption that distribution was scarce and costly, became structurally incoherent.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, The Collapse of Scarcity Economics (2026). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=6421319",
   "datePublished": "2026",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "evidenced",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "observed in the internet content economy"
   ],
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  }
 ],
 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'business-models'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}