# Causal inference

`kaal:entity:causal-inference`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 3 claims that carry the concept tag `causal-inference`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

3 claims across 3 works, 2014 to 2016.

**2014**

- [2389416-009](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2389416-009) [empirical/asserted] -- No prior study had analyzed the performance implications of hedge fund adviser regulation, making this the first estimate of the causal effect of the Dodd-Frank Act registration requirement on hedge fund returns.
  > To our knowledge, no other study has analyzed the implications of hedge fund adviser regulation.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Barbara Luppi, Sandra Paterlini, Did the Dodd-Frank Act Impact Hedge Fund Performance (2014). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2389416

**2016**

- [2715083-027](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2715083-027) [definitional/asserted] -- The confluence trends identified are correlational, not causal: the author expressly disclaims any claim of cause and effect and presents the peripheral effects as long term possibilities warranting monitoring.
  > The emerging process of confluence of mutual and hedge funds can have unexpected peripheral effects that may themselves reinforce confluence of the two asset classes. I do not claim cause and effect in this context.
  Kaal, Confluence of Mutual and Private Funds (2016). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2715083
- [2816408-016](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2816408-016) [design/argued] -- The study identifies the causal effect of Title IV by treating the March 30, 2012 registration effective date combined with the $150 million AUM threshold as an exogenous regulatory shock, so that any discontinuity in returns at the cutoff is evidence of a causal treatment effect.
  > The basic idea behind the RD design is that any discontinuity in the conditional distribution of Yi as a function of Xi at the cutoff value c is interpreted as evidence of a causal effect of the treatment.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Barbara Luppi, Sandra Paterlini, Did the Dodd-Frank Act Impact Private Fund Performance  – Evidence from 2010 – 2015 (2016). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2816408

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/causal-inference.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.