{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/chilling-effect",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:chilling-effect",
 "name": "Chilling effect",
 "termCode": "chilling-effect",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
 "canonicalForm": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/chilling-effect.md",
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 "additionalProperty": [
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   "value": 3
  },
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   "value": 3
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "year_span",
   "value": [
    "2019",
    "2022"
   ]
  },
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   "value": 0
  }
 ],
 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3411110-022",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3411110-022",
   "text": "Regulatory uncertainty produces a chilling effect: because early adopters must apply traditional law to novel instruments and cannot reach a comfortable level of certainty, legacy businesses hold back from adoption.",
   "abstract": "As a result, there is a chilling effect over the industry where legacy businesses are weary to adopt because of regulatory uncertainty.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Samuel Evans, Blockchain-Based Securities Offerings (2019). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3411110",
   "datePublished": "2019",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "current U.S. regulatory climate for tokens and digital securities"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "c7626eeb7642045b79f8745df1f7232a8fe8bc44a1f7e87b592850e35b392b50",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3808859-024",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3808859-024",
   "text": "Expanded patentability chills open source contribution because developers fear inadvertent infringement yet typically lack the knowledge and skills to determine whether their contribution infringes an existing software patent.",
   "abstract": "As a result of the accelerating patentability of open source solutions, developers increasingly fear they could inadvertently infringe patents during the open source development process.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Decentralization – Why We Need Technology Infrastructure Upgrades (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3808859",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "aggravated by the mandatory attestation requirements imposed on Linux contributors in 2004"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "304ad25d43b5ecea3158e3a2ca04e6e1e3bd2958e2134e2dcefbfedf3b6f3ab7",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4033886-029",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:4033886-029",
   "text": "Legal uncertainty about crypto exchanges exerts a chilling effect on the market, and increased liquidity may follow once the market gains greater clarity on the legal issues surrounding this asset class.",
   "abstract": "Once the market gains greater clarity on the legal issues surrounding this new asset class, increased liquidity in the market may follow.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Samuel Evans, Hayley Howe, Digital Asset Valuation (2022). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4033886",
   "datePublished": "2022",
   "claim_type": "predictive",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "resolution of broker dealer status and securities law classification questions"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "52ba05b1292b1be4bfaf1ee5cf56b14fea9c196d870603e794d7ee316df129bd",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "3 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'chilling-effect'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}