{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/congressional-intent",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:congressional-intent",
 "name": "Congressional intent",
 "termCode": "congressional-intent",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
 "canonicalForm": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/congressional-intent.md",
 "sha256": "73b87c57ab09067adcb134ad7ba4d5642621c2df5f972c737b78911c7339b352",
 "additionalProperty": [
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "status",
   "value": "derived"
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "claim_count",
   "value": 2
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "work_count",
   "value": 2
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "year_span",
   "value": [
    "2010",
    "2011"
   ]
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "non_current_claims",
   "value": 0
  }
 ],
 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/1664809-002",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:1664809-002",
   "text": "Congress intended the federal securities laws to cover only purchases and sales of securities that occur within the United States, a conclusion the authors reached with twenty-one law professors after reviewing the legislative history.",
   "abstract": "had intended the federal securities laws only to cover purchases",
   "citation": "Richard W. Painter, Wulf A. Kaal, Extraterritorial Application of US Securities Law – Will the US Become the Default Jurisdiction for (2010). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1664809",
   "datePublished": "2010",
   "claim_type": "definitional",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "reading of the 1933 Act and 1934 Act legislative history"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "2d5c8c30f969f8eb613bfa1fe6888a7cfa1a452e1027bcda0489618ceac62c20",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/1765901-006",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:1765901-006",
   "text": "Section 30 of the Exchange Act is Congress's only articulation of the extraterritorial reach of Section 10(b), and Congress did not intend the Exchange Act to have extraterritorial effect beyond that provision.",
   "abstract": "The Morrison opinion also makes it clear that Con- gress did not intend the extraterritorial effect of the Exchange Act to go beyond the specific provisions of Section 30, which is Congress's only artic- ulation of the extraterritorial reach of Section 10(b)?2.",
   "citation": "Kaal and Painter, The Aftermath of Morrison v. National Australia Bank and Elliott Associates v. Porsche (2011). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1765901",
   "datePublished": "2011",
   "claim_type": "condition",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "Exchange Act antifraud provisions"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "7b08b8a15f7d72b4eeed41be2d17c20428cb4727269077a6575c5d22e31ecdc5",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'congressional-intent'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}