{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/consumer-choice",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:consumer-choice",
 "name": "Consumer choice",
 "termCode": "consumer-choice",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
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 "sha256": "272b55332cce08fcdc603a9b7c1bd2e183901b4c3730269045c0bd5a4b9d7f6b",
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   "value": 5
  },
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  },
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   "value": [
    "2013",
    "2024"
   ]
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 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2267560-030",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2267560-030",
   "text": "Because competition between legislators requires public rulemakers to meet consumers' and legal addressees' quality expectations and preferences, it adds a dynamic and market-driven element with a feedback effect to the rulemaking process.",
   "abstract": "Because the competition between legislators requires public rulemakers to meet consumers' and legal addressees' quality expectations and preferences, the competition between legislators adds a dynamic and market-driven element with a feedback effect to the rulemaking process.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Evolution of Law Dynamic Regulation in a New Institutional Economics Framework (2013). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2267560",
   "datePublished": "2013",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
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   "scope_conditions": [],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "7ecc9dd1826121a95bf252476cdaa1c8737ad8079e12caf66c4342ffae7af8af",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2267560-031",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2267560-031",
   "text": "Consumer opt-out from existing rules creates a feedback effect for the public rulemaker: when a critical mass of opt-outs signals that a different rule may be optimal, it triggers a modification of the rulemaker's next action.",
   "abstract": "The consumer opt-out of existing rules creates a feedback effect for the public rulemaker and triggers a modification of the public rulemaker's next action in the rulemaking process.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Evolution of Law Dynamic Regulation in a New Institutional Economics Framework (2013). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2267560",
   "datePublished": "2013",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "a critical mass of consumer opt-outs occurs"
   ],
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  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2831040-037",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2831040-037",
   "text": "Consumer choice adds a dynamic element to rulemaking because once consumers opt out of a suboptimal regulatory regime, public rulemakers in that jurisdiction can adjust their rulemaking in response, creating a feedback effect for the public rulemaker.",
   "abstract": "Consumer choice can add a dynamic element to the rulemaking process because public rulemakers in a given jurisdiction can adjust rulemaking to consumer choice once consumers have opted out of a suboptimal regulatory regime in that jurisdiction.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Dynamic Regulation for Innovation (2016). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2831040",
   "datePublished": "2016",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "jurisdictions where consumers can opt out of a regulatory regime"
   ],
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   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4734750-026",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:4734750-026",
   "text": "Public price discovery is a necessary condition for consumer choice: without public pricing, consumers cannot realistically select the service provider that offers the highest value, and the resulting opacity enables insider deals that let a group of firms dictate price.",
   "abstract": "Price discovery is a key public services function because, without public pricing, consumers cannot realistically select the service provider that provides the highest value to the job poster.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Code Review DAO (2024). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4734750",
   "datePublished": "2024",
   "claim_type": "condition",
   "confidence": "argued",
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   "source_pdf_sha256": "60eadf91c0913468505afc664c8d8d1e1673d6c5326d031ca7060addb8ab2eda",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4755632-032",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:4755632-032",
   "text": "Price discovery is a public service function because without public pricing consumers cannot realistically select the service provider offering the highest value, and the resulting lack of transparency enables insider deals to the detriment of clients forced into prices dictated by a group of firms.",
   "abstract": "without public pricing, consumers cannot realistically select the service provider that provides the highest value to the job poster. The lack of transparency enables insider deals to the detriment of the clients, who are forced into the price a group of firms dictates.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, AI Learning - Decentralized Governance to Optimize Human Output Datasets for AI Learning (2024). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4755632",
   "datePublished": "2024",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "applies to markets without publicly transparent pricing"
   ],
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  }
 ],
 "description": "5 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'consumer-choice'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}