{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/converium",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:converium",
 "name": "Converium",
 "termCode": "converium",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
 "canonicalForm": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/converium.md",
 "sha256": "f22d0152bb948f0787a69711bfd7fee0742bfea65cb3fdbed5ffb764b7a65d78",
 "additionalProperty": [
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "status",
   "value": "derived"
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "claim_count",
   "value": 3
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "work_count",
   "value": 1
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "year_span",
   "value": [
    "2012",
    "2012"
   ]
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "non_current_claims",
   "value": 0
  }
 ],
 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2029983-022",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2029983-022",
   "text": "In Converium the Amsterdam Court of Appeal declared an international collective settlement binding on the parties even though the class members had only tenuous connections to the Netherlands.",
   "abstract": "The Amsterdam Court of Appeal in its Converium decision declared an international collective settlement binding on the parties to a settlement where the class members had rather tenuous connections to the Netherlands (none of the defendants",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Richard W. Painter, Forum Competition and Choice of Law Competition in Securities Law after Morrison v. National Austral (2012). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2029983",
   "datePublished": "2012",
   "claim_type": "empirical",
   "confidence": "evidenced",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "WCAM collective settlement proceedings",
    "none of the defendants and only a few plaintiffs were domiciled in the Netherlands",
    "alleged wrongdoing occurred outside the Netherlands and claims were not brought under Dutch law"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "fde2ff611420eb283cbb49a6b681a2ae8efa2b4603ae71480e2d91483f0295f2",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2029983-023",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2029983-023",
   "text": "By approving U.S.-style fee arrangements, the Converium decision adds an important incentive for plaintiffs' attorneys to bring claims in the Netherlands.",
   "abstract": "By allowing U.S.-style fee arrangements, the Converium decision adds an important incentive for plaintiffs' attorneys to bring claims in the Netherlands.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Richard W. Painter, Forum Competition and Choice of Law Competition in Securities Law after Morrison v. National Austral (2012). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2029983",
   "datePublished": "2012",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "attorney fees of about twenty percent of the settlement payment"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "fde2ff611420eb283cbb49a6b681a2ae8efa2b4603ae71480e2d91483f0295f2",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2029983-024",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2029983-024",
   "text": "The Converium fee holding is a weak predictor of Dutch practice because lead counsel's work in that case was performed largely within the American legal system and by U.S. law firms, so it remains to be seen whether a case litigated in Dutch courts without U.S. exposure would yield a comparable fee structure.",
   "abstract": "remains to be seen whether a case that is litigated in Dutch courts without exposure to the U.S. legal system will yield a comparable fee structure.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Richard W. Painter, Forum Competition and Choice of Law Competition in Securities Law after Morrison v. National Austral (2012). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2029983",
   "datePublished": "2012",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "cases litigated in Dutch courts without exposure to the U.S. legal system"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "fde2ff611420eb283cbb49a6b681a2ae8efa2b4603ae71480e2d91483f0295f2",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "3 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'converium'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}