{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/corporations",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:corporations",
 "name": "Corporations",
 "termCode": "corporations",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
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 "sha256": "d0ab14b3bc7d627a3150ee142147e616fd6b727a2098b8cea0db98b80264c27c",
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   "name": "status",
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   "value": [
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 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782191-037",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3782191-037",
   "text": "Corporations centralize power in order to pursue a singular strategy that efficiently exploits market circumstances, but this produces instability when the market swings, because a brittle hierarchy may crash before it can reorganize to handle a new challenge.",
   "abstract": "Corporations tend to have centralized power, because they wish to employ a singu- lar strategy to efficiently exploit the circumstances of the market. However, this leads to instability whenever the market swings.",
   "citation": "Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Preface to (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782191",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "corporations with centralized power facing market swings"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "b0bf0529c3cf69839879bc4da476714efee2717a4beb768bd5c859b810e6174e",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782193-022",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3782193-022",
   "text": "When a group has more unity in its values it can tolerate less rigidity in its legal protocols, so greater value centralization permits greater protocol decentralization, which in turn produces greater long-term stability.",
   "abstract": "In general, the lesson of clans versus corporations is that when a group has more unity in their values, then they can have less rigidity in their legal protocols. So greater value centralization allows greater protocol decentralization which leads to greater long-term stability.",
   "citation": "Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Historical Sketches of Centralization vs. Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782193",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "groups whose members share a common set of values"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "74df9cc9a19a098bdacd0424a4174795f6e184f7a31c8ee7541195186701ebd2",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'corporations'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}