{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/cost-pass-through",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:cost-pass-through",
 "name": "Cost pass through",
 "termCode": "cost-pass-through",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
 "canonicalForm": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/cost-pass-through.md",
 "sha256": "cde6e16467373823a81b61d586bca78ccce4e6416e7f70cbb4336e355a6e3f55",
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   "name": "status",
   "value": "derived"
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   "value": 2
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   "name": "year_span",
   "value": [
    "2010",
    "2016"
   ]
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  }
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 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/1664809-032",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:1664809-032",
   "text": "If Congress enacts section 7216, EU investors will on the whole probably earn a lower return on their investments than they otherwise would, because the substantial costs the US litigation system imposes on EU companies will be passed on to investors.",
   "abstract": "enacts section 7216, EU investors will, on the whole probably, earn",
   "citation": "Richard W. Painter, Wulf A. Kaal, Extraterritorial Application of US Securities Law – Will the US Become the Default Jurisdiction for (2010). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1664809",
   "datePublished": "2010",
   "claim_type": "predictive",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "enactment of section 7216",
    "costs of US litigation borne by EU issuers"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "2d5c8c30f969f8eb613bfa1fe6888a7cfa1a452e1027bcda0489618ceac62c20",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2732915-023",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2732915-023",
   "text": "Up to $100,000 in additional Dodd-Frank compliance cost is a significant imposition on a smaller private fund adviser, whereas larger and mid sized advisers can absorb it relatively easily or pass it on to clients, so the burden of Title IV is size dependent.",
   "abstract": "$100,000 in additional compliance costs imposed by the Dodd- Frank Act can be a significant imposition on a smaller private fund adviser, for the majority of larger or mid-sized investment advisers those compliance costs can be relatively easily absorbed and/or passed on to their clients.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, The Private Fund Industry Five Years after the Dodd-Frank Act – A Survey Study (2016). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2732915",
   "datePublished": "2016",
   "claim_type": "condition",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "anecdotal evidence supplementing the survey results",
    "distinguishes smaller advisers from larger and mid sized advisers"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "643658c02f6625bca35595696116d0ad74d681ed8579c644832ae4a88b2a8c14",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'cost-pass-through'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}